Eventually every knitter runs out of yarn mid-project. Whether you miscalculated yardage or your skein simply ran out, you need to join new yarn. Joining yarn properly creates seamless transitions that are nearly invisible in the finished project. This guide teaches you several joining methods, from simple to sophisticated.
Why Proper Joining Matters
Careless yarn joins create weak points that eventually fray or create visible bumps. Properly joined yarn is as strong as continuous yarn. Quality joins are invisible in finished projects because yarn fibers merge completely. Learning to join yarn confidently means you never have to panic when approaching the end of a skein.
The Weaving Method (Best for Neat Joins)
The weaving method creates nearly invisible joins. When your yarn runs low, don't cut it yet. Thread the old yarn through a yarn needle and weave back through 3-4 stitches, following the path the yarn would have taken. Weave back and forth, creating a zigzag path that anchors the end securely. Cut the tail once woven. Repeat with the new yarn's beginning—weave it through several stitches in the opposite direction. The overlapping paths create a join so strong and seamless that it's nearly undetectable.
This method requires pausing to weave, making it slower than on-the-fly joins. However, the resulting join is absolutely bulletproof and invisible. Use this method when appearance matters—on visible seams, near yarn color changes, or on delicate projects.
The Russian Join (Fast and Reliable)
The Russian join is fast and surprisingly effective. Thread the old yarn through a yarn needle. Insert the needle through several stitches from inside the project (not visible from the outside). Loop the new yarn through the path of the old yarn, essentially threading the old yarn through the new yarn. Repeat with the new yarn—thread through several old-yarn stitches. Pull gently until the join is snug. Cut excess tails.
This method is magical once you understand it. The fibers literally merge as they intertwine, creating a join stronger than continuous yarn. The join is also invisible because it's hidden inside the stitches. Practice this method—it becomes your go-to for quick, reliable joins.
The Spit Splice (For Wool Only)
The spit splice works specifically with wool and other protein fibers. Overlap the old and new yarn slightly. Untwist both ends slightly. Wet the overlapped section with saliva (or water if you prefer not to use saliva), then rub vigorously between your palms. The friction and moisture cause wool fibers to felt together, creating a permanent bond. Once dry, the join is nearly unbreakable.
This method only works with wool—it doesn't work with acrylic or plant-based fibers. It's remarkably reliable for wool projects and essentially invisible. The downside is felting can sometimes cause slight pilling at the join, though this usually becomes unnoticeable after normal wear.
The Knot Method (Emergency Only)
The simplest method is tying a square knot joining old and new yarn. This works in emergencies but creates a visible bump. Use this method only when appearance doesn't matter (inside seams, areas you can later trim or hide) or when no other method is feasible. Weave the knot ends into stitches afterward to hide them as much as possible.
Joining During Pattern Rows
Timing your yarn joins strategically prevents weak spots. Avoid joining in the middle of complex stitch patterns—join at row starts where you have full control. For colorwork projects, join new colors at round starts rather than mid-round. This prevents weak points in critical areas.
If absolutely forced to join mid-row, the weaving or Russian methods create strength despite the awkward timing. Simple knit rows tolerate on-the-fly joins without issues. Avoid joining during decreases or other stitch manipulations where securing yarn ends is difficult.
Joining in the Round
Joining while working in-the-round on circular needles is identical to flat knitting—the techniques work the same. However, you have slight advantages because you're working stockinette constantly, making joins less visible. Join at the beginning of rounds when possible for easiest execution.
Practice Builds Confidence
Most knitters fear joining yarn because they've never practiced. Pick an old project you don't care about and deliberately practice all joining methods. Once you've personally felt how strong properly-woven joins become, confidence replaces fear. Experienced knitters join yarn with zero anxiety because they know their techniques are reliable.
Keep yarn ends attached until you're absolutely certain the join is secure. You can always weave them in later if the join holds. You can't recover if you cut them prematurely and the join fails.